By Joshua Otieno | April 8, 2026
ANTANANARIVO, MADAGASCAR — The Government of Madagascar has declared a 15-day nationwide state of energy emergency following severe disruptions in fuel supply linked to escalating conflict in the Middle East.
The emergency declaration, announced on April 7, grants authorities exceptional powers to bypass standard procurement and distribution procedures in a bid to stabilize fuel availability and maintain essential public services.
Officials described the situation as a “deep crisis,” with petroleum stations across the island reporting critical shortages and limited storage capacity since mid-March.
As a net fuel importer, Madagascar remains highly vulnerable to global oil market shocks, relying heavily on imported petroleum to power its electricity generation.
The crisis comes amid broader global disruptions tied to tensions involving Iran, Israel, and the United States, which have impacted key shipping routes such as the Strait of Hormuz.
Across East Africa, the ripple effects are already being felt. In Kenya, cargo delays have left thousands of tonnes of tea stranded at the Port of Mombasa, while in Ethiopia, fuel shortages have forced motorists to queue for extended periods, with reports of drivers sleeping in their vehicles.
Other countries, including Zambia and Botswana, have moved to cushion consumers by suspending fuel levies and taxes.
Fuel prices across the region have surged significantly, with Tanzania and Uganda recording sharp increases, while Kenya’s prices have remained temporarily stable ahead of the next regulatory review.
Analysts warn that the current stability in Kenya may be short-lived, as upcoming price adjustments are expected to reflect the rising global cost of crude oil, which has surpassed $100 per barrel.
The crisis is also beginning to impact key sectors, including aviation and transport, with airlines introducing fuel surcharges and public transport fares expected to rise. Experts further caution that disruptions to fertilizer supply chains could trigger increased food prices in the coming months.
As the emergency period begins, the Malagasy government is racing to secure alternative fuel shipments and restore stability, with energy access remaining the country’s most urgent concern.
